In a large pot of salted boiling water, cook the pasta according to package instructions until al dente. Drain and rinse under cold water to cool.
If using fresh corn, grill the corn on the cob for added flavor. Brush with olive oil, season with salt, and grill until charred, about 10 minutes. Once cooled, cut the kernels off the cob. If using frozen corn, sauté in a skillet over medium heat until warmed through.
In a large mixing bowl, combine the cooked pasta, corn kernels, diced red bell pepper, chopped red onion, minced jalapeño, and chopped cilantro.
In a small bowl, whisk together the mayonnaise, lime juice, chili powder, salt, and pepper until smooth.
Pour the dressing over the pasta mixture and toss gently to coat all ingredients evenly. Adjust seasoning with additional salt and pepper if needed.
Gently fold in the crumbled Cotija cheese, reserving some for garnish.
Cover the salad and refrigerate for at least 30 minutes to allow flavors to meld.
Notes
Serve in a colorful bowl and garnish with extra Cotija cheese and cilantro. Lime wedges add a nice touch.